Certified Wound Care Nurse (CWCN) Practice Exam

What syndrome is characterized by bilateral adipose deposition primarily in the lower extremities of overweight or obese women?

1. Chronic venous insufficiency

2. Adipose accumulation syndrome

3. Lymphedema

4. Lipedema

The correct answer is: Lipedema

Lipedema is characterized by an abnormal build-up of adipose tissue, primarily in the lower extremities, and is most commonly observed in overweight or obese women. This condition typically affects the legs and thighs and can lead to a disproportional appearance compared to the upper body. The tissue is often sensitive to pressure and can lead to pain and discomfort. It is important to note that lipedema is distinct from general obesity, as it specifically involves the accumulation of fat in a bilateral and symmetrical manner, often sparing the feet. Understanding the unique characteristics of lipedema helps differentiate it from other conditions. For example, chronic venous insufficiency is primarily associated with swelling due to poor blood circulation, which does not specifically cause adipose deposition. Lymphedema involves accumulation of lymphatic fluid resulting from issues with lymphatic drainage, and while it can cause swelling in the lower limbs, it does not specifically result in the characteristic fat deposition seen in lipedema. The term "adipose accumulation syndrome" is not a recognized medical condition and does not reflect the clinical features associated with lipedema. Thus, recognizing the defining traits of lipedema is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.