Certified Wound Care Nurse (CWCN) Practice Exam

What is the significance of an ABI of 0.5 in relation to compression therapy?

1. Indicates mild claudication

2. Contraindicates compression therapy

3. Allows for compression therapy

4. Indicates skin grafting

The correct answer is: Contraindicates compression therapy

An Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) of 0.5 indicates a significantly reduced blood flow to the lower extremities, which is characteristic of severe peripheral artery disease. This low ABI value signals that the risk of developing complications from compression therapy, such as ischemia, is heightened. Compression therapy is intended to facilitate venous return and decrease edema; however, in patients with inadequate arterial supply, applying compression can further impair blood flow and potentially lead to tissue necrosis or ulceration. Consequently, in patients with an ABI of 0.5, compression therapy is contraindicated to ensure patient safety and prevent adverse outcomes. It's critical for wound care professionals to assess ABI values prior to initiating any compression treatment to ensure the vascular status of the patient is adequate for such interventions.