Certified Wound Care Nurse (CWCN) Practice Exam

What condition is characterized by mechanical stress-induced blistering due to defects in the epidermal basement membrane?

1. Psoriasis

2. Epidermolysis bullosa

3. Contact dermatitis

4. Atopic dermatitis

The correct answer is: Epidermolysis bullosa

The condition characterized by mechanical stress-induced blistering due to defects in the epidermal basement membrane is epidermolysis bullosa. This disorder arises from genetic mutations that affect the proteins responsible for adhering the epidermis to the underlying dermis. As a result, even minor friction or mechanical stress can lead to the formation of blisters, which can be painful and may lead to complications, including infections and scarring. Epidermolysis bullosa can manifest in several forms, ranging from mild to severe, depending on the specific genetic defect and the layers of the skin affected. This understanding is crucial for any wound care professional, as management often requires gentle handling of the skin, protective dressings, and a comprehensive care plan to insulate the affected areas from further trauma. In contrast, psoriasis, contact dermatitis, and atopic dermatitis involve other mechanisms such as immune dysregulation or allergic reactions, which do not primarily result from defects in the epidermal basement membrane or mechanical stress-induced blistering.